Through eleavorate & elegant close readings of poems by Rilke, Proust, Nietzsches and the major works of Rousseau, de Man concludes that all writing concerns itself with its own activity as language, & language, he says, is always unreliable, slippery, impossible...Literary narrative, because it must rely on language, tells the story of its own inability to tell a story.... De Man demonstrates, beautifully & convincingly, that language turns back on itself, that rhetoric is untrustworthy.
This important theoretical work by Paul de Man sets forth a mode of reading and interpretation based on exemplary texts by Rousseau, Nietzsche, Rilke, and Proust. The readings start from unresolved difficulties in the critical traditions engendered by these authors, and they return to the places in the text where those difficulties are most apparent or most incisively reflected upon. The close reading leads to the elaboration of a more general model of textual understanding, in which de Man shows that the thematic aspects of the texts—their assertions of truth or falsehood as well as their assertions of values—are linked to specific modes of figuration that can be identified and described. The description of synchronic figures of substitution leads, by an inner logic embedded in the structure of all tropes, to extended, narrative figures or allegories. De Man poses the question whether such self-generating systems of figuration can account fully for the intricacies of meaning and of signification they produce.